The migration and evolution of programs to counter violent extremism

The United Kingdom’s approach to Prevent duties to counter extremism is emerging as a negative example. Its focus on extremism is different from the focus on countering violent extremism outlined in United Nations Security Council Resolution 2178. The focus on extremism has been influential in China but not in Canada or other democracies. Going forward, more attention should be paid to equality concerns especially relating to Muslim minorities. It would be premature to reject all attempts to counter violent extremism. Less of a top-down, state-driven approach and the use of independent accountability and evaluation mechanisms have the potential to make countering violent extremism programs more effective, responsive, and legitimate.