The admission standards and the application process for the Master of Laws (LLM) program are described below. Please read thoroughly.

 

I. Admissions Events

The Graduate program will be hosting several events in the Fall to provide applicants with the opportunity to learn more about our LLM program and our Faculty of Law. 

Please browse the list of our upcoming events at the following link: Upcoming Graduate Program Events. 

 

II. Admission Deadlines for the 2025-2026 Academic Year

Application System opens:  September 13, 2024 (10:00am EST)

Application Deadline: January 20, 2025 (11:59pm EST)

Decisions: mid-April 2025. 

The deadline to create an application, pay the application fee and upload all documents (see steps below) is January 20th, 2025. Please note that ALL documents, including reference letters, must be submitted by the application deadline in order for an application to be considered. Late or incomplete applications will not be accepted.

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III. Admission Standards

The admission standards listed below are minimum requirements. Admission to our LLM program is incredibly competitive and meeting admission requirements does not guarantee admission.

Please note that as a result of its competitive entry, the LLM program does not admit applicants who do not meet minimum admission requirements.

1) Academic Requirements

Applicants to the LLM program must have a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) or Juris Doctor (JD) from a recognized University, and must have achieved the equivalent of a University of Toronto B+ standing in the final year of their LLB/JD. 
 
If an applicant is still in the process of completing their LLB or JD at the time of application, the grades from their second-last year of the program will be considered for the purposes of assessing whether an applicant has met our minimum admission standards.  These grades will be averaged with any available grades earned during the final year. 
 
Please note: Grades from other degrees obtained will be reviewed, but the admitting degree for the LLM program is an applicant’s LLB or JD.

International Equivalencies:

International applicants should compare their grades to the University of Toronto’s standard using the School of Graduate Studies’ International Degree Equivalencies Tool, which lists qualifications from a number of educational systems around the world.  The academic standings listed within this tool are normally accepted as equivalent to a University of Toronto mid-B grade average, if the degree obtained was awarded from a recognized university.  

2) English Proficiency Requirements

As English is the primary language of instruction and communication at the University of Toronto, applicants must demonstrate an adequate level English language proficiency. 

International applicants must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application (see exceptions below). Tests must have been written within the 24 months preceding the date of application to the LLM program.  

a) Testing Services

Several English language testing services are acceptable. 

  • TOEFL (including TOEFL iBT Special Home Edition): 600 with a TWE of 5 on the paper-based scale; 100 on the internet-based test with at least 24 in each section.
  • IELTS Academic: 7.5 overall with at least 7.0 in each component 
  • CAEL: 70 overall with at least 70 in each section 
  • COPE: 86 overall with at least 22 in both Listening and Reading, 40 in Writing, and 7 in TOP (speaking, if applicable) 
  • Cambridge English Qualifications:191 overall with at least 185 for each section
  • U of T Academic Prep Course: Grade of A in Level 60 

Language requirements must be met at the time an application is submitted. The Faculty of Law does not extend offers of admission that are conditional on successful completion of an English language proficiency test.

b) Exemptions

If an applicant meets any one of the following conditions, they are not required to submit proof of proficiency in English:

  1. Native language is English (language first learned and still used on a daily basis).
  2. A Canadian citizen who studied at a Canadian university where the language of instruction is French.
  3. Has obtained their admitting degree from an institution recognized by the University of Toronto and where the language of instruction and examination is uniformly English.
    • Any applicant who wishes to be exempt from the English language proficiency requirement on the third ground above, must provide an official academic transcript that confirms that the language of instruction and examination in the program completed by the applicant is English. If the official academic transcript does not have this note, applicants should make arrangements for an official statement to be sent from their institution directly to gradadmissions.law@utoronto.ca confirming the use of English as the primary language of instruction and examination. 
  4. Completed their admitting degree in one of the following countries/regions: Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Botswana, Ghana, Guyana, Hong Kong, Ireland, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malta, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States of America, Zambia, and Zimbabwe
    • Some applicants from the above mentioned countries/regions may be required to provide proof of English proficiency as English is not the sole language of instruction at all universities.

 

IV. Admission Process

Please review the information below for more information about the application process.

Step by step application instructions can downloaded here (PDF).

The application process is all done online. All application documents must be submitted via the SGS Application Management system. General application instructions may also be found on the School of Graduate Studies’ “How to Apply” webpage. 

Hardcopy documents will only be accepted by the Faculty on an exceptional basis. 

Please note that thesis applicants are not encouraged to contact potential faculty supervisors before applying.  All applications are reviewed by the Admissions Committee and then forwarded to potential supervisors. 

1) Create an Application

In order to create an application, you must complete the following steps: 
 
Step 1 – Program Selection:
  • graduate Unit = Faculty of Law
  • attendance type = Full-time or Part-time
  • program of study = Master of Laws
  • select a concentration if applicable 
Step 2 – Personal Information 
 
Step 3 – Academic History 
 
Step 4 – Employment Status 
 
Step 5 – English Language Proficiency Requirement Check
 
Step 6 – Additional information (legal status and awards) 
 
Step 7 - Faculty Questions
 
Step 8 – Recommendations (Referees Information) 
 
Note: 
  • DO NOT ADD MORE THAN 2 REFEREES – If more than 2 referees are added only the first two reference letters submitted will be considered, any additional letters will not be reviewed.
  • DO NOT ENTER NON-INSTITUTIONAL EMAIL ADDRESSES FOR REFEREES (i.e. gmail, yahoo, hotmail, etc…) – reference letters submitted via a non-institutional email address are not admissible and the application will be considered incomplete.  
See the Letters of Reference section below for more information. 
 
Step 9 – Optional Surveys
 
Step 10 – Signature
 
Step 11 – Review – Click "Continue" to submit your application and access the webpage to pay the application fee and upload the required documents. Please note that the Admissions Committee will only consider and review applications once all documents have been uploaded and the application fee has been paid. 

2) Pay Application Fee

There is a $125 (CAD) application fee which must be paid in order to proceed with your application.  Please ensure you are applying to the correct program before submitting your payment. This application fee is non-refundable, non-transferable, and cannot be waived.
 
Payment must be made online using a Visa or Mastercard.  Debit payments will not be accepted.  You can find additional information about the application fee on the School of Graduate Studies Frequently Asked Question  webpage.
 

3) Upload Supporting Documents

The documents which must be submitted in support of an application to the LLM program are listed below. The document list below is exhaustive, applicants should not add any additional documents! Please note that the Admissions Committee will not consider any unsolicited documents, and all such documents will be deleted from the admission system in order to ensure equity between applicants. If multiple versions of one document are uploaded to the admission system, the most recent version will be considered, and earlier versions deleted.
 
Any forms which must be completed are available through the application system for download and completion. To download PDF files, you will need Adobe Acrobat Reader. To download Word documents, you will need Microsoft Word or a compatible word processor installed on your computer.

a) Transcripts

All applicants must upload electronic versions of their transcripts from each university attended.  Secondary school transcripts, Bar results, or other certificates are not necessary and won’t be considered as part of the application.

If a transcript includes a grading scheme legend, please also include the legend with the scanned transcript.  Please note that transcripts must be as complete as possible.  Do not omit information about any year of study/courses completed. 

All foreign language transcripts must be translated into English through an official translator. Exception: French is an official language of Canada and we therefore do not require English translations of transcripts in French.

b) English Language Score (if applicable)

Applicants who are required to provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application will need to upload an official scan of their English Language Proficiency test scores on the application system. All scores must be uploaded by the document deadline.

In addition, applicants must also arrange for the testing agency to submit their official test score directly to the University of Toronto (Enrolment Services office).

  • The TOEFL institution code for U of T is 0982. There is no need to specify a department.
  • For IELTS, you should select “University of Toronto (Undergraduate and Graduate programs)” from the list of options. The University of Toronto (Undergraduate and Graduate Programs) is an IELTS “STED RO”. This means that we subscribe to the electronic score-sending service and do not accept paper results. You may wish to advise your test centre, specifically, that U of T is an STED RO when you make your request to have your scores sent to us. You do not need to notify U of T once you have ordered your test results. U of T receives IELTS results on an ongoing basis.

If this requirement is not applicable to you, it will be waived when your online application is reviewed. There is no need to contact SGS or the faculty of law to get this requirement waived.

c) C.V. 

Applicants should submit a Curriculum Vitae (C.V.) of three pages maximum. It should include the applicant’s education, scholarships and awards received, scholarly publications, work experience and relevant extra curricular activities.

d) Financial Assistance Application (if applicable)

Applicants who wish to apply for financial assistance should indicate as much when creating their application and will need to complete the Financial Assistance Application Form. The form is available for download on the application system. 

Note: The Financial Assistance form is for all applicants and not restricted to OSOTF applicants only. Financial assistance is available to both domestic and international students (the form helps determine an applicant’s eligibility for OSOTF and non-OSOTF awards).

The Faculty’s internal awards are listed on our Graduate Fellowships and Awards webpage.  Further information on our Award Distribution Policy can be found on our Graduate Program Fees and Financing webpage. All LLM applicants are expected to independently investigate and apply for all types of external funding for which they are eligible (e.g., SSHRC, OGS).  University-wide and external awards must be applied to well in advance of the start of the graduate program. 

e) Personal Statement

Applicants must submit a personal statement (1 page maximum). When writing your Personal Statement, we encourage you to reflect on the following: 

  • Why you wish to pursue graduate studies, and why doing so at U of T is of particular interest to you.
  • Your academic and research accomplishments to date:
    • Publications, Research Assistantships, Research Projects, Presentations, Conferences, etc.
    • Thesis applicants are invited to identify any work you have already done in your proposed research area
  • Any other information that will enable the Admissions Committee to learn more about you as a candidate for our competitive LLM program, including examples of leadership positions* you have held, co-curricular activities in which you have participated, and more.
  • Your goals after completing the Master of Laws degree.

*Leadership can take many forms: volunteerism, mentorship, excellence in sports or the arts, employment in leadership positions, and other areas.

Format: 
- 1 page: page size should be 8 1/2″ x 11″ (21.5 cm x 28 cm) and margins should be 1 inch (25.4 mm) all around
- at least one-and-a-half line spacing,
- Times New Roman font, 12 points. 

f) Thesis Proposal (thesis applicant only)

Short Thesis Applicants:

Applicants to the short thesis LLM must submit a 2 to 3 page thesis proposal, indicating what issues they plan to examine in their thesis and why they think it is worth studying. Applicants should address the following in their proposal:

  1. the proposed research question, methodology, and theoretical orientation
  2. body of scholarship with which the student intends to engage in their research and
  3. a bibliography or reference list.

Format: 
- 2-3 pages: page size should be 8 1/2″ x 11″ (21.5 cm x 28 cm) and margins should be 1 inch (25.4 mm) all around
- double-spaced, 
- Times New Roman font, 12 points.

Long Thesis Applicants:

Applicants to the long thesis stream must submit a 2 to 5 page thesis proposal indicating what issues they plan to examine in their thesis and why they think it is worth studying. Applicants should address the following in their proposal:

  1. the proposed research question, methodology, and theoretical orientation
  2. body of scholarship with which the student intends to engage in their research and
  3. a bibliography or reference list.

Format: 
- 2-5 pages: page size should be 8 1/2″ x 11″ (21.5 cm x 28 cm) and margins should be 1 inch (25.4 mm) all around
- double-spaced, 
- Times New Roman font, 12 points.

g) Sample of Writing

Coursework applicants:

Coursework applicants must submit a writing sample of between 3,500 and 5,000 words.  Appropriate samples include academic papers written for a university course or seminar (including, where possible, the name of the course for which it was submitted and the grade it attracted), or work published in scholarly publications. Please note that co-authored publications are not admissible.

Applicants should select a writing sample that demonstrates their analytical skill and writing ability. 

The writing sample must be in English.  

Thesis applicants:

Short thesis or long thesis applicants must submit a writing sample of between 5,000 and 10,000 words.  Appropriate samples include academic papers written for a university course or seminar (including, where possible, the name of the course for which it was submitted and the grade it attracted), or work published in scholarly publications. Please note that co-authored publications are not admissible.

Applicants should select a writing sample that demonstrates their analytical skill and writing ability.  The admissions committee prefers to receive work that was prepared in an area of law or field that is closely related to that in which the applicant proposes to undertake research.

The writing sample must be in English.

j) International (Educational) Credential Evaluation (Optional)

Applicants who have an International (Educational) Credential Evaluation (for example: WES Evaluation Report, ECA from the School of Continuing Studies or other) are encouraged to submit the report/assessment with their application. 

Please note that submission of a report/assessment is optional.  Not uploading a report/assessment will not result in your application being considered incomplete.   

4) Letters of Reference

Two academic letters of reference are required. Do not add more than 2 referees (if more than 2 referees are added only the first two reference letters submitted will be considered, any additional letters will not be reviewed.)  
 
Applicants will need to provide the name of the people from whom they wish to solicit reference letters and an institutional email address (i.e. @university.com or @company.com) at which each person can be contacted. Please note that personal email addresses, i.e gmail.com, yahoo.com, mail.com, etc. are not accepted.
 
If a referee does not have an institutional email address, the applicant will need to email the Graduate Program and provide a link to an official institutional webpage that confirms that the proposed writer is employed by the institution and confirms that the personal email address provided is, in fact, official.  If that is not an option either, the referee will have to send a hard copy reference letter on official letterhead to the Graduate Program directly, the letters must be received by the document deadline. Reference letters submitted via a non-institutional email addresses which have not been verified by the Graduate Program are not admissible and the application will be considered incomplete.
 
If an applicant cannot obtain academic references, and will be submitting professional references instead, they should explain why in their personal statement. 
 
The system will automatically email an electronic submission request to each referee once their information is entered on the system.  It is highly recommended that applicants contact their referees ahead of time to ensure that they are willing to provide a reference letter by the document deadline. 
 
Reference Letter Content:
 
Referees are not provided with a template letter to complete.  The system-generated request will ask them to provide the following information:
  • Their academic rank or position, if applicable 
  • How long they have known the applicant (months or years) and in what capacity; 
  • The name and address of their institution, telephone number and email address; and 
  • Whether they have reviewed the applicant's research proposal (if applicable) and, if so, their comments on the proposal and the applicant's ability to undertake the proposed research project. 
Referees will also be asked to answer a series of questions related to the applicant's academic abilities and submit a letter commenting on the applicant's ability to: 
  • Conduct independent research (searching for and organizing relevant material); 
  • Analyze and criticize the positions of others; 
  • Develop their own arguments; 
  • Produce original work (for LLM Thesis applicants only).
 

V. How to write an awesome LLM application

 

VI. Collaborative Programs

Applicants to the Master of Laws (LLM) program can include an interdisciplinary perspective by applying to participate in one of the Faculty of Law’s graduate collaborative programs.

Interest in a given collaborative program may be indicated within an applicant’s Online Admission Application. However, admission to a collaborative program is a separate process and must be approved by both the home faculty as well as the collaborative program unit.  A collaborative program can only admit an applicant until after the home faculty has communicated their admission. 

Interested applicants are strongly encouraged to review the admissions procedures on the graduate collaborative program’s website.

 

VII. Results

Admission decisions will be communicated in mid-April, though unsuccessful applicants may receive their decision earlier. Admission to the program is extremely competitive, and meeting or exceeding the admission requirements does not guarantee admission.  We are unable to provide individual admission feedback to applicants. We have very few places in the program for the number of applications we receive.  

Applicants who receive an offer of admission to the LLM program are given two weeks to reply to the offer. Should an applicant not reply within two weeks their offer will expire and the spot will be offered to someone else. 

All applicants who choose to accept an offer of admission are required to pay a $500 (non-refundable) tuition deposit.   

Under no circumstances will application materials be released to applicants, regardless of the final decision.